Abstract

In the second half of the third millennium BC, ancient Iraq was ruled by dozens of rulers and kings who followed several methods in dating the years of their rule and the most prominent of which was the date formulae or what is known as (the system of names of years). They are formulas that included prominent and important information regarding civilization about the history of Mesopotamia and the actions of its rulers and kings, as it was a rich material from a linguistic point of view.
In this research, we will deal with a model of one of the kingdoms of the ancient Babylonian era represented by the Kingdom of Eshnunna (1726-2026 B.C.E) whose kings adopted the Date Formula in dating the years of their rule. The course of studying these formulas is based on two directions, the first of which is to shed light on the Kingdom of Amorite that ruled an important part of the land of Iraq and adjacent to the country of Elam at that time which took turns ruling over more than twenty kings and included important sites that were the source of hundreds of clay figures written on various topics.
Secondly, the research aims to study the historical formulas of the rulers and kings of the Kingdom of Eshnunna and to analyze them and interpret the contents that have political, religious, military, artistic and urban connotations.