Abstract

The natural environment in the countries of the ancient Maghreb had a clear impact on the population inhabited in those areas in terms of social life and relations between them as well as relations with their neighbors in addition to its clear impact on the practice of industries and crafts especially the practice of agriculture and grazing. These countries are distinguished of great varieties in their geographical landmarks starting from Libya in the east passing through Tunisia and Algeria and ending with the Far Maghreb. The most important characteristic of its terrain and natural environment is the mountain ranges especially the Atlas Mountains which extend from the Far Maghreb to Tunisia in the north through Algeria. As for Libya، the most famous heights is the green mountain and to the south of these countries the desert was formed which continues to along the Sothern line of these countries which were once a green forest area and a passage for migration to and from the countries of the ancient Maghreb before the drought period. This research aims to present an illustration of the natural environment of the Maghreb countries and their division starting from the coastal plains، mountain ranges and plateaus، and ending with the desert areas. The research will also present the topography of each of these countries separately and showing the views of some researchers and their theories in the geography of this country.