Athar Alrafedain

Abstract

We have divided this research into two parts: The first is in regard to the geographical distribution of Northern Ubaid ware, through making a complete statistic of archaeological sites to document those that contained the settlements of the Ubaid period, which the total Northern Ubaid settlements are 597 sites. Thus, we classed the areas of its distribution into three zones: main, intermediate and secondary distribution zones. This statistic included the number of Northern Ubaid sites in each of the three distribution zones as well as in each of the countries: Iraq, Syria, and Turkey, in addition, the number of sites surveyed and excavated, all of this calculated in percentages.
The second part of the research deals with the question of the entry of Ubaid ware to Upper Mesopotamia in an earlier than is known of the Ubaid III period and we discussed some of the evidence currently available about the presence of Ubaid II ware (Hajji Muhammed) in upper Mesopotamia. It is worth to mention that we have reached important results, as we proved that the Ubaid culture entered to upper Mesopotamia earlier than the Ubaid III, in the Ubaid II (Hajji Muhammed).