Athar Alrafedain

Abstract

Date formula or as it is known as the dates of years according to the events is one of the most important subjects in the cuneiform texts. It became one of the most prominent historical corpus kept by the ancient Iraqis for us, and they explained the events in detail to be This study came to highlight the .successful beginning of the calendar significance of the acts listed in the contents of the Date Formula from the ancient Babylonian period(1595 - 2004 BC) as a model. These deeds were the most prominent source that showed the reality of events in detail. This came to illustrate what is full of confusion or ambiguity in the interpretation and sometimes inaccuracies in the translation because the significance of the concept of the language means the study of the meaning by explanation and interpretation also by the study of lexical meaning comparing it with what is stated in the dictionary. The present research is divided into three parts based on the diversity of the contents of historical Date formula based mainly on significance of the actions. The first part includes the political events like crowning the kings or political marriage or the death of one of the kings or the legislation and the reforms in the country. Or it deals also with the military campaigns like the destruction of cities as well as wars and battles and fighting the enemy armies. The second part is confined to the religious events like the inauguration of priests and priestesses in the temples, as well as what is related to ceremonial religious events such as establishing statues of the goddess and the Kings. Finally, the last part concentrates on construction irrigation projects, such as digging canals or the agrarian reform , and building the temples the fences, gates and small industries related to decorate temples.